Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Pengembangan sistem ini untuk meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan keamanan di kawasan perkotaan dengan cara mengoptimalkan penggunaan lampu jalan berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan secara real-time. Metode yang digunakan melibatkan perancangan dan implementasi perangkat keras serta perangkat lunak, di mana sensor cahaya, gerak, dan modul komunikasi nirkabel diintegrasikan dengan Arduino dan NodeMCU. Data dari sensor digunakan untuk mengontrol intensitas lampu jalan secara otomatis, menyesuaikan pencahayaan berdasarkan tingkat kecerahan alami dan keberadaan kendaraan atau pejalan kaki. Pengujian dilakukan di lingkungan simulasi dan lapangan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja sistem dalam berbagai kondisi. Temuan penting dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang dikembangkan mampu mengurangi konsumsi energi hingga 40% dibandingkan dengan sistem penerangan jalan konvensional, tanpa mengorbankan keamanan. Selain itu, sistem ini juga memberikan fleksibilitas dalam pengelolaan penerangan jalan melalui antarmuka berbasis web yang memungkinkan pemantauan dan kontrol jarak jauh. Secara keseluruhan, pengembangan sistem penerangan jalan pintar berbasis IoT dengan Arduino dan NodeMCU terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan efisiensi energi dan keamanan di lingkungan perkotaan. Sistem ini menawarkan solusi yang praktis dan dapat diimplementasikan secara luas untuk mendukung inisiatif kota pintar yang berkelanjutan
Kata Kunci
Arduino
Efisiensi Energi
IoT
Smart streetlight
Rincian Artikel
Artikel ini berlisensi Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Cara Mengutip
[1]
R. T. Hidayat, I. A. Nugroho, D. M. W. Saputra, M. I. Marzuki, dan S. Prayogi, “Pengembangan Sistem Penerangan Jalan Pintar Berbasis IoT dengan Arduino dan NodeMCU”, Jurnal Algoritma, vol. 21, no. 2, hlm. 124–131, Nov 2024.
References
-
[1] Y. Liu and M. Xiao, “Software design of multitask cooperating framework for wireless sensor networks,” in 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010), Oct. 2010, pp. V8-417-V8-420. doi: 10.1109/ICCASM.2010.5619428.
[2] S. Khemakhem and L. Krichen, “A comprehensive survey on an IoT-based smart public street lighting system application for smart cities,” Franklin Open, vol. 8, p. 100142, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.fraope.2024.100142.
[3] A. Thungtong, C. Chaichan, and K. Suwannarat, “A web-based control system for traditional street lighting that uses high-pressure sodium lamps,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 11, p. e08329, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08329.
[4] R. Carli, M. Dotoli, and E. Cianci, “An optimization tool for energy efficiency of street lighting systems in smart cities,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 14460”“14464, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.2292.
[5] N. B. Bajema et al., “Benefits of building wireless sensor networks on commodity hardware and software stacks,” in 2011 Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, Dec. 2011, pp. 282”“287. doi: 10.1109/ISSNIP.2011.6146554.
[6] O. Sadeghian, B. Mohammadi-Ivatloo, A. Oshnoei, and J. Aghaei, “Unveiling the potential of renewable energy and battery utilization in real-world public lighting systems: A review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 192, p. 114241, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.114241.
[7] E. M. Popovici, “Coding and Cryptography for Resource Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks: A Hardware-Software Co-Design Approach,” in 2006 International Semiconductor Conference, Sep. 2006, pp. 19”“27. doi: 10.1109/SMICND.2006.283924.
[8] C. Chiatti, C. Fabiani, and A. L. Pisello, “Toward the energy optimization of smart lighting systems through the luminous potential of photoluminescence,” Energy, vol. 266, p. 126346, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.126346.
[9] M. Botta, M. Simek, and N. Mitton, “Comparison of hardware and software based encryption for secure communication in wireless sensor networks,” in 2013 36th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), Jul. 2013, pp. 6”“10. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2013.6613880.
[10] D. R. Nair and N. K. Prakash, “Design and implementation of a wireless sensor network based efficient LED lighting system,” in 2015 6th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), Jul. 2015, pp. 1”“6. doi: 10.1109/ICCCNT.2015.7395183.
[11] P. Chiradeja and S. Yoomak, “Development of public lighting system with smart lighting control systems and internet of thing (IoT) technologies for smart city,” Energy Reports, vol. 10, pp. 3355”“3372, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.10.027.
[12] A. Yatsenko, A. Parkhomenko, C. Wolff, A. Tulenkov, and A. Parkhomenko, “Investigation of Hardware-Software Solutions for an Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network,” in 2023 IEEE 12th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS), Sep. 2023, pp. 385”“390. doi: 10.1109/IDAACS58523.2023.10348672.
[13] M. Muhammad, B. Ragadita, S. Prayogi, and S. Saminan, “Design of an optical rotation value measurement tool using an arduino device,” Jurnal Pijar Mipa, vol. 18, no. 5, Art. no. 5, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.29303/jpm.v18i5.4811.
[14] S. Prayogi and F. Silviana, “LED lights of various colors for comprehending the photoelectric effects phenomena,” Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro, vol. 22, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.24843/MITE.2023.v22i02.P12.
[15] B. Trevizan de Oliveira, L. Batista Gabriel, and C. Borges Margi, “TinySDN: Enabling Multiple Controllers for Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 3690”“3696, Nov. 2015, doi: 10.1109/TLA.2015.7387950.
[16] S. Prayogi, F. Silviana, and S. Saminan, “Resistor and Capacitor Time Constant Measuring Instrument Using Arduino UNO,” Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni, vol. 12, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2023, doi: 10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v12i1.15323.
[17] F. Silviana and S. Prayogi, “Utilization of Smartphones in Experiments of Measurement of Electron-Mass Charge Ratio,” International Journal of Engineering and Science Applications, vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2023.
[18] P. E. Lartsey, D. T. Ayitey, A. Acakpovi, and R. E. Arthur, “IoT Based Street Light Controller and Monitoring System,” in 2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST), Nov. 2021, pp. 1”“7. doi: 10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682127.
[19] Z. M. Yusoff, Z. Muhammad, M. S. I. M. Razi, N. F. Razali, and M. H. C. Hashim, “IOT-Based smart street lighting enhances energy conservation,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 20, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp528-536.
[20] A. Zhan et al., “iTracking: Accurate light-based location-tracking in wireless sensor networks,” in 2009 IEEE 6th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, Oct. 2009, pp. 1065”“1067. doi: 10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.5337009.
[21] S. Prayogi, Y. Cahyono, I. Iqballudin, M. Stchakovsky, and D. Darminto, “The effect of adding an active layer to the structure of a-Si: H solar cells on the efficiency using RF-PECVD,” J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 7609”“7618, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10854-021-05477-6.
[22] A. G. Putrada, M. Abdurohman, D. Perdana, and H. H. Nuha, “Machine Learning Methods in Smart Lighting Toward Achieving User Comfort: A Survey,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 45137”“45178, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3169765.
[23] S. A. Butt, P. Sayyah, and L. Lavagno, “Model-based hardware/software synthesis for wireless sensor network applications,” in 2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC), Apr. 2011, pp. 1”“6. doi: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876891.
[24] A. Ullah et al., “Smart cities: the role of Internet of Things and machine learning in realizing a data-centric smart environment,” Complex Intell. Syst., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1607”“1637, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.
[25] M. Kanthi and R. Dilli, “Smart streetlight system using mobile applications: secured fault detection and diagnosis with optimal powers,” Wireless Netw, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 2015”“2028, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11276-023-03278-9.
[26] A. Omar et al., “Smart City: Recent Advances in Intelligent Street Lighting Systems Based on IoT,” Journal of Sensors, vol. 2022, no. 1, p. 5249187, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/5249187.
[27] F. Agramelal, M. Sadik, Y. Moubarak, and S. Abouzahir, “Smart Street Light Control: A Review on Methods, Innovations, and Extended Applications,” Energies, vol. 16, no. 21, Art. no. 21, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16217415.
[28] R. Arabelli, P. Anuradha, K. Rajkumar, and S. Yedulapuram, “Smart street light management system for conservation of electrical energy,” IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 981, no. 3, p. 032041, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/981/3/032041.
[29] H. M. Rai, Atik-Ur-Rehman, A. Pal, S. Mishra, and K. K. Shukla, “Use of Internet of Things in the context of execution of smart city applications: a review,” Discov Internet Things, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 8, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s43926-023-00037-2.
References
[1] Y. Liu and M. Xiao, “Software design of multitask cooperating framework for wireless sensor networks,” in 2010 International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling (ICCASM 2010), Oct. 2010, pp. V8-417-V8-420. doi: 10.1109/ICCASM.2010.5619428.
[2] S. Khemakhem and L. Krichen, “A comprehensive survey on an IoT-based smart public street lighting system application for smart cities,” Franklin Open, vol. 8, p. 100142, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.fraope.2024.100142.
[3] A. Thungtong, C. Chaichan, and K. Suwannarat, “A web-based control system for traditional street lighting that uses high-pressure sodium lamps,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 11, p. e08329, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08329.
[4] R. Carli, M. Dotoli, and E. Cianci, “An optimization tool for energy efficiency of street lighting systems in smart cities,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 14460”“14464, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.2292.
[5] N. B. Bajema et al., “Benefits of building wireless sensor networks on commodity hardware and software stacks,” in 2011 Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, Dec. 2011, pp. 282”“287. doi: 10.1109/ISSNIP.2011.6146554.
[6] O. Sadeghian, B. Mohammadi-Ivatloo, A. Oshnoei, and J. Aghaei, “Unveiling the potential of renewable energy and battery utilization in real-world public lighting systems: A review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 192, p. 114241, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.114241.
[7] E. M. Popovici, “Coding and Cryptography for Resource Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks: A Hardware-Software Co-Design Approach,” in 2006 International Semiconductor Conference, Sep. 2006, pp. 19”“27. doi: 10.1109/SMICND.2006.283924.
[8] C. Chiatti, C. Fabiani, and A. L. Pisello, “Toward the energy optimization of smart lighting systems through the luminous potential of photoluminescence,” Energy, vol. 266, p. 126346, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.126346.
[9] M. Botta, M. Simek, and N. Mitton, “Comparison of hardware and software based encryption for secure communication in wireless sensor networks,” in 2013 36th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), Jul. 2013, pp. 6”“10. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2013.6613880.
[10] D. R. Nair and N. K. Prakash, “Design and implementation of a wireless sensor network based efficient LED lighting system,” in 2015 6th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), Jul. 2015, pp. 1”“6. doi: 10.1109/ICCCNT.2015.7395183.
[11] P. Chiradeja and S. Yoomak, “Development of public lighting system with smart lighting control systems and internet of thing (IoT) technologies for smart city,” Energy Reports, vol. 10, pp. 3355”“3372, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.10.027.
[12] A. Yatsenko, A. Parkhomenko, C. Wolff, A. Tulenkov, and A. Parkhomenko, “Investigation of Hardware-Software Solutions for an Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network,” in 2023 IEEE 12th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS), Sep. 2023, pp. 385”“390. doi: 10.1109/IDAACS58523.2023.10348672.
[13] M. Muhammad, B. Ragadita, S. Prayogi, and S. Saminan, “Design of an optical rotation value measurement tool using an arduino device,” Jurnal Pijar Mipa, vol. 18, no. 5, Art. no. 5, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.29303/jpm.v18i5.4811.
[14] S. Prayogi and F. Silviana, “LED lights of various colors for comprehending the photoelectric effects phenomena,” Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro, vol. 22, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.24843/MITE.2023.v22i02.P12.
[15] B. Trevizan de Oliveira, L. Batista Gabriel, and C. Borges Margi, “TinySDN: Enabling Multiple Controllers for Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 3690”“3696, Nov. 2015, doi: 10.1109/TLA.2015.7387950.
[16] S. Prayogi, F. Silviana, and S. Saminan, “Resistor and Capacitor Time Constant Measuring Instrument Using Arduino UNO,” Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni, vol. 12, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2023, doi: 10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v12i1.15323.
[17] F. Silviana and S. Prayogi, “Utilization of Smartphones in Experiments of Measurement of Electron-Mass Charge Ratio,” International Journal of Engineering and Science Applications, vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2023.
[18] P. E. Lartsey, D. T. Ayitey, A. Acakpovi, and R. E. Arthur, “IoT Based Street Light Controller and Monitoring System,” in 2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST), Nov. 2021, pp. 1”“7. doi: 10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682127.
[19] Z. M. Yusoff, Z. Muhammad, M. S. I. M. Razi, N. F. Razali, and M. H. C. Hashim, “IOT-Based smart street lighting enhances energy conservation,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 20, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp528-536.
[20] A. Zhan et al., “iTracking: Accurate light-based location-tracking in wireless sensor networks,” in 2009 IEEE 6th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, Oct. 2009, pp. 1065”“1067. doi: 10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.5337009.
[21] S. Prayogi, Y. Cahyono, I. Iqballudin, M. Stchakovsky, and D. Darminto, “The effect of adding an active layer to the structure of a-Si: H solar cells on the efficiency using RF-PECVD,” J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 7609”“7618, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10854-021-05477-6.
[22] A. G. Putrada, M. Abdurohman, D. Perdana, and H. H. Nuha, “Machine Learning Methods in Smart Lighting Toward Achieving User Comfort: A Survey,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 45137”“45178, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3169765.
[23] S. A. Butt, P. Sayyah, and L. Lavagno, “Model-based hardware/software synthesis for wireless sensor network applications,” in 2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC), Apr. 2011, pp. 1”“6. doi: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876891.
[24] A. Ullah et al., “Smart cities: the role of Internet of Things and machine learning in realizing a data-centric smart environment,” Complex Intell. Syst., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1607”“1637, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.
[25] M. Kanthi and R. Dilli, “Smart streetlight system using mobile applications: secured fault detection and diagnosis with optimal powers,” Wireless Netw, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 2015”“2028, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11276-023-03278-9.
[26] A. Omar et al., “Smart City: Recent Advances in Intelligent Street Lighting Systems Based on IoT,” Journal of Sensors, vol. 2022, no. 1, p. 5249187, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/5249187.
[27] F. Agramelal, M. Sadik, Y. Moubarak, and S. Abouzahir, “Smart Street Light Control: A Review on Methods, Innovations, and Extended Applications,” Energies, vol. 16, no. 21, Art. no. 21, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16217415.
[28] R. Arabelli, P. Anuradha, K. Rajkumar, and S. Yedulapuram, “Smart street light management system for conservation of electrical energy,” IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 981, no. 3, p. 032041, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/981/3/032041.
[29] H. M. Rai, Atik-Ur-Rehman, A. Pal, S. Mishra, and K. K. Shukla, “Use of Internet of Things in the context of execution of smart city applications: a review,” Discov Internet Things, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 8, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s43926-023-00037-2.
[2] S. Khemakhem and L. Krichen, “A comprehensive survey on an IoT-based smart public street lighting system application for smart cities,” Franklin Open, vol. 8, p. 100142, Sep. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.fraope.2024.100142.
[3] A. Thungtong, C. Chaichan, and K. Suwannarat, “A web-based control system for traditional street lighting that uses high-pressure sodium lamps,” Heliyon, vol. 7, no. 11, p. e08329, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08329.
[4] R. Carli, M. Dotoli, and E. Cianci, “An optimization tool for energy efficiency of street lighting systems in smart cities,” IFAC-PapersOnLine, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 14460”“14464, Jul. 2017, doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2017.08.2292.
[5] N. B. Bajema et al., “Benefits of building wireless sensor networks on commodity hardware and software stacks,” in 2011 Seventh International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, Dec. 2011, pp. 282”“287. doi: 10.1109/ISSNIP.2011.6146554.
[6] O. Sadeghian, B. Mohammadi-Ivatloo, A. Oshnoei, and J. Aghaei, “Unveiling the potential of renewable energy and battery utilization in real-world public lighting systems: A review,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 192, p. 114241, Mar. 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.114241.
[7] E. M. Popovici, “Coding and Cryptography for Resource Constrained Wireless Sensor Networks: A Hardware-Software Co-Design Approach,” in 2006 International Semiconductor Conference, Sep. 2006, pp. 19”“27. doi: 10.1109/SMICND.2006.283924.
[8] C. Chiatti, C. Fabiani, and A. L. Pisello, “Toward the energy optimization of smart lighting systems through the luminous potential of photoluminescence,” Energy, vol. 266, p. 126346, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.126346.
[9] M. Botta, M. Simek, and N. Mitton, “Comparison of hardware and software based encryption for secure communication in wireless sensor networks,” in 2013 36th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP), Jul. 2013, pp. 6”“10. doi: 10.1109/TSP.2013.6613880.
[10] D. R. Nair and N. K. Prakash, “Design and implementation of a wireless sensor network based efficient LED lighting system,” in 2015 6th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), Jul. 2015, pp. 1”“6. doi: 10.1109/ICCCNT.2015.7395183.
[11] P. Chiradeja and S. Yoomak, “Development of public lighting system with smart lighting control systems and internet of thing (IoT) technologies for smart city,” Energy Reports, vol. 10, pp. 3355”“3372, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2023.10.027.
[12] A. Yatsenko, A. Parkhomenko, C. Wolff, A. Tulenkov, and A. Parkhomenko, “Investigation of Hardware-Software Solutions for an Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network,” in 2023 IEEE 12th International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications (IDAACS), Sep. 2023, pp. 385”“390. doi: 10.1109/IDAACS58523.2023.10348672.
[13] M. Muhammad, B. Ragadita, S. Prayogi, and S. Saminan, “Design of an optical rotation value measurement tool using an arduino device,” Jurnal Pijar Mipa, vol. 18, no. 5, Art. no. 5, Sep. 2023, doi: 10.29303/jpm.v18i5.4811.
[14] S. Prayogi and F. Silviana, “LED lights of various colors for comprehending the photoelectric effects phenomena,” Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro, vol. 22, no. 2, Art. no. 2, Jan. 2024, doi: 10.24843/MITE.2023.v22i02.P12.
[15] B. Trevizan de Oliveira, L. Batista Gabriel, and C. Borges Margi, “TinySDN: Enabling Multiple Controllers for Software-Defined Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Latin America Transactions, vol. 13, no. 11, pp. 3690”“3696, Nov. 2015, doi: 10.1109/TLA.2015.7387950.
[16] S. Prayogi, F. Silviana, and S. Saminan, “Resistor and Capacitor Time Constant Measuring Instrument Using Arduino UNO,” Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Fisika Al-Biruni, vol. 12, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2023, doi: 10.24042/jipfalbiruni.v12i1.15323.
[17] F. Silviana and S. Prayogi, “Utilization of Smartphones in Experiments of Measurement of Electron-Mass Charge Ratio,” International Journal of Engineering and Science Applications, vol. 10, no. 1, Art. no. 1, May 2023.
[18] P. E. Lartsey, D. T. Ayitey, A. Acakpovi, and R. E. Arthur, “IoT Based Street Light Controller and Monitoring System,” in 2021 IEEE 8th International Conference on Adaptive Science and Technology (ICAST), Nov. 2021, pp. 1”“7. doi: 10.1109/ICAST52759.2021.9682127.
[19] Z. M. Yusoff, Z. Muhammad, M. S. I. M. Razi, N. F. Razali, and M. H. C. Hashim, “IOT-Based smart street lighting enhances energy conservation,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 20, no. 1, Art. no. 1, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.11591/ijeecs.v20.i1.pp528-536.
[20] A. Zhan et al., “iTracking: Accurate light-based location-tracking in wireless sensor networks,” in 2009 IEEE 6th International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems, Oct. 2009, pp. 1065”“1067. doi: 10.1109/MOBHOC.2009.5337009.
[21] S. Prayogi, Y. Cahyono, I. Iqballudin, M. Stchakovsky, and D. Darminto, “The effect of adding an active layer to the structure of a-Si: H solar cells on the efficiency using RF-PECVD,” J Mater Sci: Mater Electron, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 7609”“7618, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10854-021-05477-6.
[22] A. G. Putrada, M. Abdurohman, D. Perdana, and H. H. Nuha, “Machine Learning Methods in Smart Lighting Toward Achieving User Comfort: A Survey,” IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 45137”“45178, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3169765.
[23] S. A. Butt, P. Sayyah, and L. Lavagno, “Model-based hardware/software synthesis for wireless sensor network applications,” in 2011 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (SIECPC), Apr. 2011, pp. 1”“6. doi: 10.1109/SIECPC.2011.5876891.
[24] A. Ullah et al., “Smart cities: the role of Internet of Things and machine learning in realizing a data-centric smart environment,” Complex Intell. Syst., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 1607”“1637, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.1007/s40747-023-01175-4.
[25] M. Kanthi and R. Dilli, “Smart streetlight system using mobile applications: secured fault detection and diagnosis with optimal powers,” Wireless Netw, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 2015”“2028, Jul. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s11276-023-03278-9.
[26] A. Omar et al., “Smart City: Recent Advances in Intelligent Street Lighting Systems Based on IoT,” Journal of Sensors, vol. 2022, no. 1, p. 5249187, 2022, doi: 10.1155/2022/5249187.
[27] F. Agramelal, M. Sadik, Y. Moubarak, and S. Abouzahir, “Smart Street Light Control: A Review on Methods, Innovations, and Extended Applications,” Energies, vol. 16, no. 21, Art. no. 21, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.3390/en16217415.
[28] R. Arabelli, P. Anuradha, K. Rajkumar, and S. Yedulapuram, “Smart street light management system for conservation of electrical energy,” IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 981, no. 3, p. 032041, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/981/3/032041.
[29] H. M. Rai, Atik-Ur-Rehman, A. Pal, S. Mishra, and K. K. Shukla, “Use of Internet of Things in the context of execution of smart city applications: a review,” Discov Internet Things, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 8, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s43926-023-00037-2.